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Ivan Turchaninov
Ivan Vasilyevich Turchaninov ((ロシア語:Ива́н Васи́льевич Турчани́нов); December 24, 1821 – June 18, 1901), better known by his Anglicised name of John Basil Turchin, was a Union army brigadier general in the American Civil War. He led two critical charges that saved the day at Chickamauga and was among the first to lead soldiers up Missionary Ridge.
==Early life and career==
Ivan Turchaninov was born into a Don Cossack family in the Russian Empire. He entered the Russian Army in 1843, and graduated from the Imperial Military School in St. Petersburg in 1852. His father was a major in the Imperial Russian Army, which allowed him to gain entry into schools that led to his eventual commission to military service.〔Bradley, George C. & Richard L. Dahlen, From Conciliation to conquest: The Sack of Athens & the Court-Martial of Colonel John B. Turchin (University of Alabama Press: Tuscaloosa, 2006), page 18.〕 He later served as a Colonel of Staff in the Russian Guards and fought in Hungary and in the Crimean War.〔East, Ernest E. "Lincoln's Russian General", Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, Vol. 52, No. 1, Lincoln Sesquicentennial (Spring, 1959), pp. 106-122 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40189912〕 While serving as a lieutenant, he took part in the Russian campaign to help the Austrian Empire suppress the Hungarian Revolution in 1848.〔Bradley, George C. & Richard L. Dahlen, From Conciliation to conquest: The Sack of Athens & the Court-Martial of Colonel John B. Turchin (University of Alabama Press: Tuscaloosa, 2006), page 19.〕
Following his graduation, Turchininoff acquired a post on the staff of Imperial Guards in St. Petersburg, under the command of Count F.V. Rudiger.〔Bradley, George C. & Richard L. Dahlen, From Conciliation to conquest: The Sack of Athens & the Court-Martial of Colonel John B. Turchin (University of Alabama Press: Tuscaloosa, 2006), page 21-22.〕
In May 1856, he married Nadezhda Lvov, the daughter of his commanding officer. Later that year, he and his wife immigrated to the United States, where he eventually settled in Chicago and worked for the Illinois Central Railroad.〔East, Ernest E. "Lincoln's Russian General", Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, Vol. 52, No. 1, Lincoln Sesquicentennial (Spring, 1959), pp. 106-122 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40189912〕
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